Climate
Soybeans
require warm weather with a temperature range of 20-30°C. They are
typically grown in tropical and subtropical regions such as District Jhelum,
Gujrat, Mandi Bahauddin, Sialkot, Narowal, Sargodha, Attock, Okara, Faisalabad,
and some areas of Fort Munro.
Soil
Soybeans
thrive in well-drained loamy soil with a pH range of 6.0-7.5. They
prefer soils rich in organic matter and adequate fertility.
Variety
·
AARI
soybean
·
Faisal
soybean
Land
Preparation
The
land is plowed, leveled, and ridged to create a suitable seedbed. Weeds and
crop residues are removed through tilling and harrowing.
·
2-3 plowing with planking is required.
·
Plant
to Plant distance: 3” – 4”
·
Row
to Row distance: 12”
Sowing
Methods
Seeds
are sown using either manual or mechanical methods.
·
Drill
sowing: Recommended planting density is
around 30-40 kilograms per hectare.
·
Bed
sowing: Recommended planting density is around 10-12 kilograms per
hectare.
Irrigation
·
1st
irrigation 8-10 days after sowing
·
Further
irrigation should be done with 15 days regular period.
Fertilization
|
SOP |
1Bag |
At the time of land preparation |
|
DAP |
1Bag |
At the time of land preparation |
|
Urea |
1Bag |
At the time 2nd irrigation |
Weed
Control
Weeds
are controlled through mechanical methods like hoeing, hand weeding, or
herbicide application, depending on the scale of cultivation.
·
Within
24 hours after sowing, spray Pendimethalin by mixing 1 liter in 120 liters
of water.
Pest
and Disease Control
Common
pests and diseases affecting soybeans in Pakistan include aphids, whiteflies,
leafhoppers, and soybean mosaic virus. Appropriate pesticides and preventive
measures are used.
Growth
and Development
Soybean
plants go through various growth stages, including vegetative growth,
flowering, pod formation, and maturation. Crop monitoring and appropriate
management practices are followed at each stage.
Harvesting
Soybeans
are harvested when the plants have reached maturity, and the moisture content
in the pods is around 13-15%. Combines or mechanical harvesters are used
for efficient harvesting.
Post-Harvest
Processing
After
harvesting, soybeans are dried to reduce moisture content further. They can be
stored in appropriate containers or processed into various soy-based products
such as oil, meal, or tofu.
